Biology Final Benchmark 3 Study Guide 2013
Do NOT WRITE on this!
Ecology
1. Explain how the length of a food chain is limited.
-there is only a certain amount energy in the food chain that it will eventually run out
2. Define: Emigration, immigration, birthrate, and death rate
Emirgration - the act of leaving one's native country with the intent to settle permanently or temporarily elsewhere.
immigration- the action of coming to live permanently in a foreign country.
birthrate- the number of live births per thousand of population per year
death rate- the number of deaths per thousand of population per year
3. Explain how carbon cycle through the biosphere
-Plants use carbon dioxide and sunlight to make their own food and grow. The carbon becomes part of the plant. Plants that die and are buried may turn into fossil fuels made of carbon like coal and oil over millions of years. When humans burn fossil fuels, most of the carbon quickly enters the atmosphere as carbon dioxide.
4. Explain how nitrogen cycle through the biosphere?
-Nitrogen is one of the primary nutrients critical for the survival of all living organisms. Although nitrogen is very abundant in the atmosphere, it is largely inaccessible in this form to most organisms. This article explores how nitrogen becomes available to organisms and what changes in nitrogen levels as a result of human activity means to local and global ecosystems.
5. Why is photosynthesis important to our survival?
- a chemical process whereby plants and algae that contain chlorophyll capture radiant energy from the sun, and use carbon dioxide and water from the environment to then convert the sunlight to food (glucose), while at the same time creating oxygen and water as byproducts.
6. Explain what is happening in this graph with the predator – prey population.
7. What do decomposers do? Give two examples of organisms that would be considered decomposers.
decomposers decompose
8. Define species richness/biodiversity. Why is biodiversity important and in what way do humans impact biodiversity?
Cell Biology
1. Define:
Chloroplasts – Nucleolus –
Centrioles – Chromosomes –
Nucleus – Vacuoles –
Cell Membrane – Eukaryotes –
Lysosome – Prokaryotes –
Endoplasmic Reticulum –
Cell Wall –
Mitochondria –
Golgi Bodies –
2. Which organelle is responsible for respiration in cells?
Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis?
3. Define homeostasis, and what structure controls it?
4. What is a plasma/cell membrane made of?
5. What is an enzyme? Which organelle makes enzymes?
6. What do enzymes do? What changes the behavior of enzymes?
7. What would happen if a cell were placed in a hypotonic, hypertonic, or isotonic solution?
8. What is required for plants to perform photosynthesis? Include the equation in chemical and written form.
9. What happens to molecules when they are broken apart in cellular respiration? Include the equation in chemical and written form.
10. How are photosynthesis and respiration connected?
Genetics
1. Define haploid and diploid. How are these terms important in meiosis?
2. What is the purpose of meiosis?
Scientific Method
1. Define theory.
2. Define observation.
3. Define experiment.
4. Define hypothesis.
Do NOT WRITE on this!
Ecology
1. Explain how the length of a food chain is limited.
-there is only a certain amount energy in the food chain that it will eventually run out
2. Define: Emigration, immigration, birthrate, and death rate
Emirgration - the act of leaving one's native country with the intent to settle permanently or temporarily elsewhere.
immigration- the action of coming to live permanently in a foreign country.
birthrate- the number of live births per thousand of population per year
death rate- the number of deaths per thousand of population per year
3. Explain how carbon cycle through the biosphere
-Plants use carbon dioxide and sunlight to make their own food and grow. The carbon becomes part of the plant. Plants that die and are buried may turn into fossil fuels made of carbon like coal and oil over millions of years. When humans burn fossil fuels, most of the carbon quickly enters the atmosphere as carbon dioxide.
4. Explain how nitrogen cycle through the biosphere?
-Nitrogen is one of the primary nutrients critical for the survival of all living organisms. Although nitrogen is very abundant in the atmosphere, it is largely inaccessible in this form to most organisms. This article explores how nitrogen becomes available to organisms and what changes in nitrogen levels as a result of human activity means to local and global ecosystems.
5. Why is photosynthesis important to our survival?
- a chemical process whereby plants and algae that contain chlorophyll capture radiant energy from the sun, and use carbon dioxide and water from the environment to then convert the sunlight to food (glucose), while at the same time creating oxygen and water as byproducts.
6. Explain what is happening in this graph with the predator – prey population.
7. What do decomposers do? Give two examples of organisms that would be considered decomposers.
decomposers decompose
8. Define species richness/biodiversity. Why is biodiversity important and in what way do humans impact biodiversity?
Cell Biology
1. Define:
Chloroplasts – Nucleolus –
Centrioles – Chromosomes –
Nucleus – Vacuoles –
Cell Membrane – Eukaryotes –
Lysosome – Prokaryotes –
Endoplasmic Reticulum –
Cell Wall –
Mitochondria –
Golgi Bodies –
2. Which organelle is responsible for respiration in cells?
Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis?
3. Define homeostasis, and what structure controls it?
4. What is a plasma/cell membrane made of?
5. What is an enzyme? Which organelle makes enzymes?
6. What do enzymes do? What changes the behavior of enzymes?
7. What would happen if a cell were placed in a hypotonic, hypertonic, or isotonic solution?
8. What is required for plants to perform photosynthesis? Include the equation in chemical and written form.
9. What happens to molecules when they are broken apart in cellular respiration? Include the equation in chemical and written form.
10. How are photosynthesis and respiration connected?
Genetics
1. Define haploid and diploid. How are these terms important in meiosis?
2. What is the purpose of meiosis?
Scientific Method
1. Define theory.
2. Define observation.
3. Define experiment.
4. Define hypothesis.